RSD (REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY)
It is a complication that may occur after a fracture.
A fracture that occurs after a fall or accident is sometimes put in a cast, and sometimes if it is a comminuted fracture, it is first stabilized with screws and then put in a splint. A long treatment process usually begins after a fracture, and especially after the cast is removed, the patient may become demoralized when they realize that they need physical therapy. Since the surrounding muscles weaken after the cast, they should be strengthened and joint restrictions should be opened.
In addition to this normal program, sometimes side effects occur and this event can make the treatment program longer and more serious. Especially in surrounding joint fractures such as the elbow, wrist, and shoulder joint, impaired circulation, pain and reflex irritation can cause a condition called reflex sympathetic dystrophy.
Early diagnosis is very important in RSD. Because the occurrence of this event leads to a change in the treatment program. The syndrome shows its findings in three periods. The first period is characterized by pain, edema and muscle spasm. The skin is swollen, hot and painful, and sweating occurs frequently. The second period begins after 4-6 weeks. During this period, the edema disappears. With the thinning of the skin and the increase in fibrous tissue, movement restriction begins in the muscles, ligaments and joints. The pain is severe. Burning and osteoporosis begin.
The skin is shiny, pale and cyanotic, the nails are atrophic. In patients who cannot be cured by treatment, the progression continues, and the third and atrophy period symptoms of the disease appear.
Atrophy progresses in all tissues, including the bones, the skin thins, takes on a cold and dull appearance. The joints lose all their movement and also deformities occur. Successful treatment is very difficult in advanced cases, and therefore treatment should be started as early as possible.
Painkillers are used in the treatment to relieve pain. Calcitonin treatment, which can cause vasodilation in the surrounding areas of the blood circulation, is started immediately. Another method to activate the circulation is to use physical therapy agents. Vortex baths, which do not exceed 37 degrees, have a large place in the treatment of active and passive exercises. Treatment continues for 2-3 months.